中文
Tekinoroji yo kugarura amavuta bivuga imikorere yo gukura amavuta mumirima ya peteroli.Imihindagurikire y’ikoranabuhanga ni ingenzi mu iterambere ry’inganda za peteroli.Igihe kirenze, tekinoroji yo kugarura peteroli yagiye ikora udushya twinshi tutazamura imikorere gusaamavutagukuramo ariko kandi byagize ingaruka zikomeye kubidukikije, ubukungu, na politiki yingufu.
Mu rwego rwo kubyara hydrocarubone, kugarura peteroli ninzira yingenzi intego yayo ni ugukuramo peteroli na gaze byinshi bishoboka mubigega bikungahaye kuri hydrocarubone.Mugihe ubuzima bwamavuta bwamavuta bugenda butera imbere,iigipimo cy'umusaruro gikunda guhinduka.Kugirango tubungabunge kandi twongere ubushobozi bwo kubyara iriba, akenshi birasabwa kongera imbaraga zo gushinga.Ukurikije imyaka y'iriba,iibiranga imiterere kandiiibiciro byo gukora, tekinoroji nubuhanga butandukanye bikoreshwa mubyiciro bitandukanye.Hariho ibyiciro bitatu byingenzi byubuhanga bwo kugarura peteroli: kugarura peteroli yibanze, kugarura peteroli ya kabiri, no kugarura peteroli yo hejuru (bizwi kandi ko kongera amavuta, EOR).
Kugarura amavuta yibanze ahanini bishingiye ku gitutu cy’ikigega ubwacyo cyo gutwara amavuta ku iriba.Iyo umuvuduko w'ikigega ugabanutse kandi udashobora kugumana umusaruro uhagije, kongera amavuta ya kabiri mubisanzwe biratangira.Iki cyiciro kirimo ahanini kongera umuvuduko wibigega binyuze mumazi cyangwa gaze, bityo ugakomeza gusunika amavuta kumariba.Kugarura amavuta ya gatatu, cyangwa kongera ingufu mu kongera amavuta, ni tekinoroji igoye ikubiyemo gukoresha imiti, ubushyuhe cyangwa gaze kugirango urusheho kongera kugarura amavuta.Izi tekinoroji zirashobora kwimura neza amavuta ya peteroli asigaye mu kigega, bikazamura cyane imikorere ya peteroli.
Ection Gutera gaze: Gutera gaze mu kigega cya peteroli kugirango uhindure umuvuduko n’amazi y’ikigega, bityo biteze imbere n’umusaruro w’amavuta ya peteroli.
Inction Gutera amavuta: Bizwi kandi nko kugarura amavuta yubushyuhe, ashyushya ikigega atera amavuta yubushyuhe bwo hejuru kugirango agabanye ububobere bwamavuta, byoroshye gutemba.Irakwiriye cyane cyane ibigega byinshi cyangwa ibigega bya peteroli biremereye.
Ection Gutera imiti: Mugutera inshinge (nka surfactants, polymers na alkalis), imiterere yumubiri nubumara byamavuta ya peteroli irashobora guhinduka, bityo bigatuma umuvuduko wamavuta ya peteroli, kugabanya impagarara zintera no kunoza imikorere.
● CO2inshinge: Ubu ni uburyo bwihariye bwo gutera gazi, mu gutera dioxyde de carbone, ntibishobora kugabanya ubukonje bwamavuta gusa, ahubwo binanoza umuvuduko wo gukira byongera umuvuduko wibigega no kugabanya amavuta ya peteroli asigaye.Mubyongeyeho, ubu buryo kandi bufite inyungu zibidukikije kuko CO2Birashobora gufatirwa mu nsi.
Technology Ikoranabuhanga rya Plasma Pulse: Ubu ni ikoranabuhanga rishya ribyara ingufu nyinshi za plasma puls zo gukurura ikigega, gutera imvune, kongera ubworoherane, bityo bikazamura umuvuduko wa peteroli.Nubwo iri koranabuhanga rikiri mucyiciro cyubushakashatsi, ryerekana ubushobozi bwo kunoza imiterere yubwoko bwihariye bwibigega.
Buri tekinoroji ya EOR ifite imiterere yihariye ikoreshwa hamwe nisesengura-byunguka-inyungu, kandi mubisanzwe birakenewe guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bushingiye kumiterere ya geologiya yikigega cyihariye, imiterere ya peteroli ya peteroli nibintu byubukungu.Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya EOR rishobora kuzamura cyane inyungu zubukungu bw’imirima ya peteroli no kongera ubuzima bw’imirima ya peteroli, bifite akamaro kanini mu iterambere rirambye ry’umutungo wa peteroli ku isi.
Itariki: 05 Nyakanga 2024