中文
Gutwara peteroli na gaze birashobora gukorwa ubudahwema kubwinshi kandi neza binyuze mumiyoboro yo hanze.Ku murima wa peteroli wegereye ku nkombe cyangwa ufite ibigega binini, ubusanzwe imiyoboro ikoreshwa mu gutwara peteroli na gaze kubutaka (nko ku byambu bya peteroli cyangwa ku ruganda rutunganya ibicuruzwa).Niba umuyoboro ufite imbaraga zo guhangana n’umuvuduko uhagije, urwanya ruswa cyane (akenshi ukoresheje uburinzi bwa catodiki) hamwe no gufunga neza, irashobora gutwara ubwikorezi bwa peteroli idahungabanijwe n’uburebure bw’amazi, ikirere, imiterere n’ibindi bihe.UwitekaCDSRguswera amavuta no gusohora hoseifite umuyaga mwiza wo guhangana n'umuyaga, kandikuzuza ibisabwahamwe naimiterere inyanja itandukanye.
Icyakora, iyubakwa ry'imiyoboro yo mu nyanja izahungabanywa n’imivumba, kandi amazi atemba azagira ingaruka ku mutekano wo kubaka imiyoboro no guhagarara kw'imiyoboro.Hariho ibintu byinshi bigomba kwitabwaho mukurangiza umuyoboro wamaziumushinga.Ibidukikije bikora biri mu nyanja.Umwanya wo kubaka ntugarukira gusa, ahubwo ni complexenaimiterere yinyanja ihinduka nayo izazana ibibazo bikomeye mubwubatsi busanzwe.
Kubikorwa byubwubatsi, ubujyakuzimu bwamazi nicyo kintu gikomeye cyane, kandi ibikorwa byo gushyira imiyoboro biratandukanye cyane bitewe nuburebure bwamazi.
(1)Kuri aboahantuibyohafi yinkombe no mumazi maremare, hose irashobora kujyanwa muburyo butaziguye kumurima.
. Gusudira, kugenzura no gutwikira isura itambitse, mubisanzwe mubwato bwa pipelay. Mugihe ubwato bugenda imbere, umuyoboro uca mu mazi kugeza ugeze aho igwa ku nyanja.Ifata imiterere "S" nkuko imiyoboro myinshi irekurwa munsi yuburemere bwayo.
(3)Iyo pibikorwa byo gushyira ipe bikorerwa ahantu h'amazi maremare,nibaubujyakuzimu bw'amazi buriyongera,bizavamomukwiyongera kugaragara mubibazo byubwubatsi.Uburyo bwo gushyiramo imiyoboro ya J-Lay bukoreshwa mumazi maremareumushinga.J-Lay (uburyo bwa J-lay) ishyira imbaraga nke kumuyoboro kuko umuyoboro ushyizwe mumwanya uhagaze.Umuyoboro wo mu nyanja usiga ubwato bushyira imiyoboro muburyo bugororotse, kandi bukamanuka bugororotse kugeza bushyizwe ku nyanja.Umuyoboro rusange uri muburyo bwa "J", ubereye ahantu h'inyanja ndende kuva kuri metero amagana kugeza ku bihumbi.
(4) Hamwe niterambere rihoraho ryikoranabuhanga ,.inziray'ibikorwa byo gutunganya imiyoboro ya offshore nayo ihora itera imbere.Ku miyoboro yo mu nyanja ifite diameter ntoya n'imbaraga nkeya, irashobora gushyirwaho kubutaka hanyuma ikazunguruka ku ngoma, hanyuma ikajyanwa mu nyanja kugira ngo ishyirwe mu bwato bushyira imiyoboro.Ubu buryo bwo gukora bwitwa Reel-Lay (uburyo bwo gushyiramo imiyoboro).Reel-Lay ifatwa nkuburyo bwihuse bwo gushira kuko ibyinshi byo gusudira no kugenzura bikorwa ku nkombe, bigabanya igihe cyo kwishyiriraho.Kugeza ubu, ubwato bwo mu bwoko bwa reel burashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: butambitse kandi buhagaritse.
Muguhitamo kwanyuma kwuburyo bwo gukora, ntitugomba gutekereza gusa ku burebure bw’amazi, ahubwo tugomba no guhuza ibintu byuzuye nkibizunguruka nigiciro cyibikorwa.CDSR itanga ubwoko butandukanye bwamazu ya sisitemu imwe yo gutondekanya ingingo hamwe nubushakashatsi bwo hanze nka FPSO, FSO, SPM, nibindi.
Itariki: 27 Werurwe 2023