中文
Ibikorwa byo kohereza imizigo mu bwato (STS) ni ukwimura imizigo hagati y’amato yo mu nyanja ashyizwe iruhande rw’andi, yaba ahagaze cyangwa arimo, ariko bisaba guhuza neza, ibikoresho n’uburenganzira kugira ngo ibyo bikorwa bikorwe. Imizigo ikunze koherezwa n’abakora ibikorwa binyuze mu buryo bwa STS irimo peteroli, gaze ikoze mu mazi (LPG cyangwa LNG), imizigo myinshi n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.
Ibikorwa bya STS bishobora kugira akamaro cyane cyane mu gihe ukoresha ubwato bunini cyane, nka VLCC na ULCC, bishobora guhura n'imbogamizi ku byambu bimwe na bimwe. Bishobora kandi kugabanya amafaranga ugereranije no gukoresha ubwato mu bwato kuko igihe cyo guhagarara n'igihe cyo guhagarara cyagabanutse, bityo bigira ingaruka ku giciro. Izindi nyungu zirimo kwirinda gucucikana kw'ubwato, kuko ubwato butazinjira mu cyambu.
Urwego rw'ububanyi n'amazi rwashyizeho amabwiriza n'amabwiriza akomeye yo kurinda umutekano w'ibikorwa bya STS. Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku birebana n'Ububanyi n'Amahanga (IMO) n'inzego zitandukanye z'igihugu batanga amabwiriza arambuye agomba kubahirizwa muri ubu bwimuriro. Aya mabwiriza akubiyemo byose kuva kuriibipimo ngenderwaho by'ibikoresho n'amahugurwa y'abakozi ku bijyanye n'ikirere no kurengera ibidukikije.
Ibi bikurikira ni ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu akore igikorwa cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu bwato buva mu bwato bujya mu bwato:
● Guhugura bihagije abakozi b'ubwato butwara peteroli bakora icyo gikorwa
● Ibikoresho bya STS bikwiye ku mato yombi kandi bigomba kuba bimeze neza
● Gutegura igikorwa mbere y'igihe no kumenyesha umubare n'ubwoko bw'imizigo ikoreshwa
● Kwita ku itandukaniro riri hagati y’ubwato n’urutonde rw’ubwato bwombi mu gihe cyo kohereza amavuta
● Gusaba uruhushya ruturutse ku buyobozi bw'icyambu bubishinzwe
● Imitungo y'imizigo ikoreshwa igomba kumenyekana hamwe na MSDS iboneka na nomero ya UN
● Umuyoboro ukwiye wo gutumanaho no gutumanaho ugomba gushyirwaho hagati y'amato
● Ingaruka zijyanye n'imizigo nko gusohora imyuka ya VOC, imikorere y'ibinyabutabire n'ibindi zigomba kumenyeshwa abakozi bose bashinzwe kwimura
● Ibikoresho byo kuzimya inkongi n'ibisigazwa bya peteroli bigomba kuba bihari kandi abakozi bahugurwe neza kubikoresha mu gihe cy'ubutabazi bwihutirwa
Muri make, ibikorwa bya STS bifite inyungu mu bukungu n'inyungu ku bidukikije mu gutwara imizigo, ariko amabwiriza n'amabwiriza mpuzamahanga agomba kuba ay'ukuri.bakurikiwekugira ngo habeho umutekano n'iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko. Mu gihe kizaza, hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga no gushyira mu bikorwa amahame ahamye, STS transubwato gishoboragukomeza gutanga inkunga yizewe ku bucuruzi mpuzamahanga no gutanga ingufu.
Itariki: 21 Gashyantare 2024